ABSTRACT
Neuron is the basic structure and functional unit of nervous system. Once the neurons are damaged or lost, the balance of neuroregulation will be destroyed and a series of nervous system diseases will be induced. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a kind of chronic neurodegenerative disease caused by selective loss of many dopaminergic neurons in the dense region of the substantia nigra in the ventral midbrain. At present, conventional drugs and adjuvant therapies can only relieve clinical symptoms to a certain extent, but cannot fundamentally delay the progress of the disease. With the rapid development of stem cells and reprogramming technologies around the world, cell transplantation to deal with neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease has become a new and potential therapy. This paper mainly summarizes the molecular mechanisms of Parkinson's disease, the preparation of autogenous dopaminergic neurons and the research progresses of dopaminergic neurons transplantation in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
ABSTRACT
Eyes are important human organs, and retinal degenerative diseases can cause irreversible blindness. Up to date, cell transplantation is an important method for the treatment of degenerative eye diseases. Because the number of adult eye stem cells is rather limited,it is still very difficult to activate endogenous adult stem cells as a way to treat degenerative eye diseases. Therefore,photoreceptor cells ( photoreceptor) and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells generated from pluripotent stem cells include embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be an effective source of cells for transplantation. This article described the major types of retinal degenerative diseases including retinitis pigmentosa ( RP) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) by focusing on their pathological process and development of stem cell transplantation. We reviewed the related stem cell therapies and research status of two different vulnerable cells, RPE and photoreceptor cell in degenerative ophthalmopathy. We also discussed the value and limitations of cell transplantation therapy and the prospect of future treatment.
ABSTRACT
@# ObjectiveTo explore the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplantation on the deep partial thickness derma burn injury in guinea pigs.MethodsSuspension cells of MSCs were cultured in vitro and transplanted into wounds of the female guinea pig of the deep partial thickness derma burn injuring model with the concentration of 2×106cell/ml(group A),2×107cell/ ml(group B). The rate of wound healing was observed, factor Ⅷ was detected using immunohistochemistry. Y chromosome on the wound in guinea pig was detected using PCR 15,30,50 days after MSCs had been transplanted. ResultsThe rate of wound healing of groups A and B was better than that in the control group, but there was not significantly different between groups A and B. Microvessel density of wound in groups A and B was better than those in the control group on the 15th and 30th days. There was not significantly different between the group A and B. PCR results showed that Y chromosome gene was expressed on some recoveried wound of female guinea pig. ConclusionBone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplantation is effective in deep partial thickness derma burn injury in guinea pigs.